In the electronic design that is developing in parallel with high density and high speed, space constraints and signal integrity have become two core issues of concern for engineers. High-performance electronic systems such as foldable smartphones, AR/VR headsets, laptop hinges, and medical imaging equipment all rely on a key interconnect component—the micro coaxial cable. This compact high-speed transmission line not only achieves stable signal transmission within limited space but also effectively shields against interference in complex electromagnetic environments. So, what makes it have such excellent anti-interference ability? The following will analyze it in depth from both structural design and electromagnetic protection principles.
The structure determines the shielding: the natural advantage of coaxial design
The extremely thin coaxial cable adopts a typical coaxial geometric structure: a central conductor, insulating medium, outer conductor (shielding layer), and outer sheath layered packaging. This structure confines the electromagnetic field of the signal almost entirely within the internal space, making it difficult for external electromagnetic waves to couple in and for internal signals to leak out, forming a natural shielding barrier. The outer conductor not only bears the electromagnetic shielding function but also provides electromagnetic compatibility characteristics. It can reflect internal electromagnetic radiation, capture external noise, and conduct interference energy through the grounding path, thus effectively ensuring the stability and integrity of the central conductor signal.
Secondary effects: Impedance control and signal consistency
The geometric relationship between the central conductor and the outer conductor of the micro coax, as well as the characteristics of the insulating material, together determine the characteristic impedance of the cable. Precise impedance control can reduce signal reflection and distortion, which is a key factor in ensuring high-speed transmission quality. In complex equipment layouts or cable paths with multiple bends, impedance consistency becomes even more important. It ensures that the amplitude and phase of the signal remain consistent along the transmission path, providing a solid support for high-speed digital and RF signals.
Three, shielding layer structure and enhancement design
Although extremely small in size, the shielding layer of micro coax can still adopt various structural designs, such as single-layer metal braid, metal foil patch (copper foil), or composite double-layer structure. In high-frequency environments, double-layer shielding (such as "copper foil + braid layer") can significantly reduce the transfer impedance and improve the shielding performance. Taking Sumitomo Electric's ultra-fine coaxial cable as an example, its shielding performance in the 1–18 GHz frequency band can reach ≥100 dB, effectively suppressing external interference and ensuring stable signal transmission.
Four, comprehensive protection and system-level anti-interference
In addition to structural shielding, various auxiliary measures can also be taken to further optimize the anti-interference performance:
Ensure reasonable grounding layout and continuity of the shielding layer.
Use ferrite magnetic rings to suppress common-mode noise.
Reasonable wiring, avoid parallel wiring of signal lines with power lines.
Through the synergy of structure and system design, micro coax can achieve excellent electromagnetic protection in high-speed, small, and complex environments.
The extremely fine coaxial cable can achieve excellent electromagnetic shielding in high-performance electronic equipment, the key lies in its complete structural system and electrical control strategy. The coaxial structure effectively limits the diffusion of the electromagnetic field, while the outer conductor shielding layer is responsible for reflecting and absorbing interference signals; the precise impedance design ensures the stability and consistency of signal transmission. With the cooperation of multi-layer shielding and reasonable grounding measures, micro coax can achieve flexible, lightweight, and high-speed signal transmission in a limited space, providing reliable electromagnetic protection and interconnection support for modern electronic equipment.
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Suzhou Huichengyuan Electronic Technology, long-term focused on the design and customization of high-speed signal cable harnesses and ultra-thin coaxial cable harnesses, committed to providing stable and reliable high-speed interconnection solutions. For more information or customization needs, please contact:
Manager Yin 18913280527 (WeChat number)。
